Spectrum Profiler

What are these screenings based on?

These online screenings are inspired by existing scientific and clinical frameworks and are not an official administration of a diagnostic instrument. No copyrighted questionnaires have been reproduced; all questions are original wording aligned with the underlying constructs.

Autism screening

DSM-5-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)

Provides the A1–A3 and B1–B4 domain structure on which this screening's categories are conceptually based.

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ICD-11, Chapter 6A02 Autism spectrum disorder (WHO)

International classification that supports the description of characteristics and the emphasis on functioning across different contexts.

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NICE guidelines CG142 and CG128 (autism in adults and children)

Supports the principle that screening is not a diagnosis, and outlines which steps do belong to a full diagnostic process.

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Autism Spectrum Quotient (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001) and AQ-10

Conceptual inspiration for measuring social skills, attention to detail, communication and imagination. The questions in this app use original wording.

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RAADS-R and RAADS-14 (Ritvo et al.)

Inspiration for combining social, sensory and developmental items into a single profile.

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Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2, Constantino & Gruber)

Conceptual basis for representing social reciprocity on a scale, rather than as a yes/no outcome.

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ADOS-2 and ADI-R domains

Inspiration for distinguishing between observable behaviour, developmental history and current lived experience.

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CAT-Q, Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (Hull et al., 2019)

Conceptual basis for the separate masking domain: compensation, camouflaging and assimilation.

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Sensory Profile research (Dunn, 1997 and later)

Supports the distinction between hypersensitivity, hyposensitivity and sensory-seeking behaviour.

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Dutch Autism Register and Dutch Association for Autism

Context on lived experience, prevalence and the path to diagnosis in the Netherlands.

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ADHD Traits

ASRS v1.1 (WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale) — conceptual inspiration

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Social anxiety

DSM-5-TR, social anxiety disorder (APA, 2022)

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Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale — conceptual inspiration

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Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCD)

DSM-5-TR, obsessive-compulsive disorder (APA, 2022)

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Y-BOCS (Goodman et al., 1989) — conceptual inspiration

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NICE CG31 — OCD and body dysmorphic disorder

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Trauma & chronic stress

DSM-5-TR, PTSD and related disorders (APA, 2022)

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PCL-5 (Weathers et al.) — conceptual inspiration

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Mood & Depressive Characteristics

PHQ-9 (Kroenke et al., 2001) — conceptual inspiration

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Sleep & sleep deprivation

Insomnia Severity Index (Morin) — conceptual inspiration

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Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse et al., 1989)

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NHG guideline on sleep problems and sleeping medication

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Burnout & overload

Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson) — conceptual inspiration

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Burnout Assessment Tool (Schaufeli et al., 2020)

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High sensitivity

Highly Sensitive Person Scale (Aron & Aron, 1997) — conceptual inspiration

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Sensory Processing Sensitivity research (Greven et al., 2019)

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Other neurodivergent traits

DSM-5-TR, specific learning disorder and motor disorders (APA, 2022)

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Adult Dyslexia Checklist (Vinegrad, 1994) — conceptual inspiration

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Yale Global Tic Severity Scale — conceptual inspiration

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What an online screening cannot assess

  • Professional observation of behaviour across different situations
  • A complete developmental history from early childhood onward
  • Information from parents, caregivers or other close contacts (collateral history)
  • A clinical interview conducted by a qualified professional
  • Differential diagnosis: distinguishing from ADHD, anxiety, OCD, trauma and mood disorders
  • Assessment of functioning across multiple contexts (home, work, study, relationships)
  • Contextual factors such as culture, language, gender, life stage and current stress load